Trofimets E.I., Borovkova K.Е., Guschin Ya.A., Salmova J.V. , Nikiforova L.R., Katelnikova A.E., Kryshen K.L. Approbation of the model of acute bacterial cystitis on rabbits. Laboratory Animals for Science. 2021; 2. https://doi.org/10.29296/2618723X-2021-02-04
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common diseases in outpatient and hospital practice, the most common manifestation of which is cystitis. In addition to the medical component, the social significance of this problem is extremely important. In connection with the unexpected onset, acute course, pronounced symptoms, the disease causes serious inconvenience in patients, which leads to a sharp decrease in physical and mental activity, restriction of freedom of movement. Acute cystitis (AC) is one of the most common infectious diseases that occurs mainly in young women and is manifested by dysuria, stranguria and frequent urination. In the vast majority of cases, OZ is an uncomplicated urinary tract infection caused by strains of Escherichia coli. In order to assess the effectiveness of drugs for the treatment and prevention of urinary tract diseases, as well as to study the pathogenesis of urological diseases, various models in laboratory animals are used in preclinical studies. The aim of this study was to develop a model of acute bacterial cystitis in rabbits with a visual assessment of the development of pathology based on clinical symptoms. As a test system, female rabbits of the White Giant breed were used, which are used to simulate pathologies of the genitourinary system. To simulate acute bacterial cystitis, the method of chemical damage to the mucous membrane of the urinary bladder was used, followed by the introduction of a bacterial suspension into its cavity. As damaging agents were selected: an alcoholic solution of salicylic acid and a combination of 1% protamine sulfate solution and 20% urea solution. Saline was used as a control substance. Two groups of animals were formed, which were injected with a bacterial suspension without preliminary chemical damage to the mucous membrane of the bladder. After modeling the pathology for 8 days, the animals were observed to assess the severity of the clinical manifestation of pathology and pain. During the experiment, urine samples were taken from animals three times for bacteriological and clinical analyzes, and ultrasound diagnostics of the bladder was performed. On the 8th day of the experiment, all animals were euthanized and a macroscopic assessment of the bladder tissue was performed. Histological analysis was also performed. Based on the results obtained, a model of acute bacterial cystitis was formed by chemical damage to the mucous membrane of the urinary bladder and the introduction of a suspension of E. coli. A score system for assessing the clinical manifestation of pathology and pain was developed. A pronounced manifestation of the pathological process with the preservation of clinical signs of pathology and pain, bacteriological seeding of urine throughout the experiment (8 days) was observed in animals of the group that received 0.05% alcoholic solution of salicylic acid and E. coli from rabbit feces as an inducer of pathology.
Autors’ contributions
E.I. Trofimets – idea, literary analysis and data collection, participation in the experiment, data collection and analysis, swriting and editing of the text
M.N. Makarova – study concept and design, editing of the text, supervised the project, approved the final version of the manuscript
K.Е. Borovkova – microbiological research, analysis and recording of results
Ya.A. Guschin – conducting pathomorphological examination
J.V. Salmova – preparation of bacterial suspension, microbiological examination
L.R. Nikiforova – preparation of bacterial suspension, microbiological examination
A.E. Katelnikova – supervised the project
K.L. Kryshen – supervised the project
The authors declare no conflict of interest.