Clinical, biochemical and pathomorphological features of direct acute lung injury in rats caused by intratracheal administration of Salmonella enterica lipopolysaccharide

Original article

УДК 616-092.9+616.24-001

DOI: 10.57034/2618723X-2022-03-02

N.I. Voloshin¹, Adjunct of the first department and clinic of advanced therapy for doctors, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3880-9548
V.A. Pugach²*, PhD, Senior Researcher, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4290-350X
M.A. Tyunin², PhD, deputy Head of the center, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6974-5583
E.I. Strokina², Researcher, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4162-3135
V.V. Hizha², Laboratory researcher, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4967-472X
A.V. Nikolaev¹, PhD, Docent of the first department and clinic of advanced therapy for doctors, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3209-3742
V.V. Salukhov¹, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the first department and clinic of advanced therapy for doctors, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-0941

¹ S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy,
194044, Russia, St. Petersburg, 6, Academician Lebedev St.
² State Scientific Research Testing Institute of Military Medicine,
195043, Russia, St. Petersburg, 4, Lesoparkovaya St.

* E-mail: [email protected]

Keywords: lipopolysaccharide rats acute lung injury acute respiratory distress syndrome biomodelling

Acknowledgements

The study was performed without external funding.

For citation:

Voloshin N.I., Pugach V.A., Tyunin M.A., Strokina E.I., Hizha V.V., Nikolaev A.V., Salukhov V.V. Clinical, biochemical and pathomorphological features of direct acute lung injury in rats caused by intratracheal administration of Salmonella enterica lipopolysaccharide. Laboratory Animals for Science. 2022; 3. https://doi.org/10.29296/2618723X-2022-03-02

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical, biochemical and pathomorphological features of direct acute lung injury (ALI) in rats caused by intratracheal (i/t) administration of Salmonella enterica lipopolysaccharide at a dose of 20 mg/kg (LD₅₀).

The study used 67 outbred male rats aged 8–12 weeks, weighing 310–350 g (Rappolovo’s nursery, Leningrad Region) which were divided into 2 groups according to the method of analogues: experimental and control. The experimental work was carried out in two stages. At the first stage within 4 days after ALI modeling the general condition of animals, body weight and temperature and dynamics of animal death were recorded. In a separate series of experiments we studied the pathomorphological changes in rats lung tissue. At the second stage 3 days after i/t administration of LPS blood was taken from rats for laboratory studies. The indicators of clinical and biochemical blood tests, hemostasiogram, blood gases and electrolytes were studied. In addition the gravimetric parameters of lungs (lung coefficient and moisture saturation) were measured.

The studied model of ALI characterized decreasing body weight in experimental group by an average of 15%, a persistent hypothermia and the development of inflammatory histomorphological changes in the lungs 2–3 days after i/t administration of LPS. The death of animals after ALI was recorded in the period from 12 hours to 3 days. The effective time of death was 29,10±3,05 hours.

According to laboratory studies, leukocytosis, increasing concentration of soluble fibrin-monomer complexes and fibrinogen, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, hypoxemia and acidosis were recorded in experimental group on the 3rd day after ALI modeling. These changes in laboratory parameters were detected with an increased lung coefficient and its moisture saturation, which indicated the development of pulmonary edema.

Simplicity of execution, high reproducibility, the presence of typical signs of acute inflammatory lung injury, as well as an available set of laboratory criteria for determining the severity of pathological process allows us to recommend this ALI model for preclinical studies aimed at finding and evaluating the effectiveness of candidate drugs for the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Authors contribution

N.I. Voloshin — conducting experiments, collecting data, analyzing data, writing a manuscript.
V.A. Pugach — conducting experiments, collecting data, analyzing data, writing a manuscript.
E.I. Strokina — experimental modeling, selection of biomaterial.
V.V. Hizha — conducting laboratory research methods.
M.A. Tyunin — critical revision of the manuscript and approval of the final version of the article for publication.
A.V. Nikolaev — development of the concept of the study and a critical review of its content.
V.V. Salukhov — development of the concept of the study and a critical review of its content.

References

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Received: 2022-06-29

Reviewed: 2022-07-13

Accepted for publication: 2022-08-01

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