Kalashnikova V.A. Virulent characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pneumonia in captive monkeys. Laboratory Animals for Science. 2020; 3. https://doi.org/10.29296/2618723X-2020-03-04
Staphylococcus aureus is an important opportunistic pathogen, one of the causative agents of dangerous diseases of human and animals. This microorganism encodes many virulence factors necessary for the development of infections and protection of the bacteria from host immunity. Staphylococcus aureus can be the main pathogen of respiratory diseases (pneumonia, bronchopneumonia). In the spontaneous pathology of monkeys living in captivity, one of the leading places is taken by pneumonia, which is registered as an independent pathology or often develops as a secondary disease. Staphylococcus aureus has the dominant place in the etiological structure of pneumonia in monkeys. The aim of the work was to identify the prevalence of virulence genes and their combinations in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from nonhuman primates with pneumonia. All isolates were methicillin-susceptible, mecA-negative. The variability of the molecular virulence markers and their combinations was established. Staphylococcus aureus belonged to four agr groups; however, agr IV was predominant (56.4%). The study did not reveal a clear relationship between the monkey species and the belonging of Staphylococcus aureus to any agr group. The detection of enterotoxin genes showed that most of the isolates contained the sec gene (53.2%), the frequency of the sea and seb genes were found almost 2 times less (22,4 and 27,7 % respectively) and the tsst gene was detected in 8.5%. The pvl gene was found with a high frequency (48.9%).The presence of the genes for hemolysins α and β (hla, hlb) and fibronectin-binding proteins (fnBpA, fnBpB) was noted in more than 70% of isolates. Adhesins clfA and clfB were found in 90% of the studied cultures. Staphylococcus aureus contained several virulence marker genes in various combinations in their genome.The most common combination of genes found in 44.7% was hla, hlb, fnBpA/B, clfA/B. The results of the study confirmed the presence of variability in the set of genetic determinants characterizing the high pathogenic potential of Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from the lungs of monkeys with pneumonia.
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